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MIC49200
2A Low Voltage LDO with Dual Input Voltages
General Description
The MIC49200 is a high-bandwidth, low-dropout, 2A voltage regulator ideal for powering core voltages of lowpower microprocessors. The MIC49200 implements a dual supply configuration allowing for very low output impedance and very fast transient response. The MIC49200 requires a bias input supply and a main input supply, allowing for ultra-low input voltages on the main supply rail. The input supply operates from 1.4V to 6.5V and the bias supply requires between 3V and 6.5V for proper operation. The MIC49200 offers fixed output voltages from 0.9V to 1.8V and adjustable output voltages down to 0.9V. The MIC49200 requires a minimum of output capacitance for stability, working optimally with small ceramic capacitors. The MIC49200 is available in a 5-pin S-Pak. Its operating temperature range is -40C to +125C. Data sheets and support documentation can be found on Micrel's web site at: www.micrel.com.
Features
* Input Voltage Range: VIN: 1.4V to 6.5V VBIAS: 3.0V to 6.5V * Stable with 1F ceramic output capacitors * 1% initial tolerance * Maximum dropout voltage (VIN-VOUT) of 500mV over temperature * Adjustable output voltage down to 0.9V * Ultra fast transient response (Up to 10MHz bandwidth) * Excellent line and load regulation specifications * Logic controlled shutdown option * Thermal shutdown and current limit protection * Junction temperature range: -40C to 125C
Applications
* * * * * * * Set-top box Graphics processors PC add-in cards Microprocessor core voltage supply Low voltage digital ICs High efficiency linear power supplies SMPS post regulators
Typical Application
Load Transient
Output Voltage (50mV/div)
VIN = 2.8V VOUT = 1.8V Output Current (1A/div) VBIAS = 4V COUT = 1F
Low Voltage, Fast Transient Response Regulator
Time (40s/div)
Micrel Inc. * 2180 Fortune Drive * San Jose, CA 95131 * USA * tel +1 (408) 944-0800 * fax + 1 (408) 474-1000 * http://www.micrel.com
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M9999-011306 (408) 955-1690
Micrel, Inc.
MIC49200
Ordering Information
Part Number RoHS Compliant MIC49200-1.0WR* MIC49200-1.8WR* MIC49200WR* Output Current 2A 2A 2A Voltage 1.0V 1.8V Adj Junction Temperature Range -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C Package S-Pak-5 S-Pak-5 S-Pak-5
* RoHS compliant with `high-melting solder' exemption.
Pin Configuration
5-Pin S-Pak (R)
Pin Description
Pin Number S-Pak-5 1 Pin Name EN ADJ 2 3 4 5 VBIAS GND VIN VOUT Pin Function Enable (Input): CMOS compatible input. Logic High = enable; Logic Low = shutdown. Adjustable regulator feedback input. Connect to resistor voltage divider. Input Bias voltage for powering all circuitry on the regulator with the exception of the output power device. Ground (TAB is connected to ground on S-Pak). Input voltage which supplies current to the output power device. Regulator Output.
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MIC49200
Absolute Maximum Ratings(1)
Supply Voltage (VIN) ................................................ 8V Bias Supply Voltage (VBIAS) ..................................... 8V Enable Input Voltage (VEN)...................................... 8V Power Dissipation............................. Internally Limited ESD Rating(3) .........................................................3kV
Operating Ratings(2)
Supply voltage (VIN)....................................1.4V to 6.5V Bias Supply Voltage (VBIAS)...........................3V to 6.5V Enable Input Voltage (VEN)............................0V to 6.5V Junction Temperature ...................-40C TJ +125C Package Thermal Resistance S-Pak (JA) ................................................. 2C/W
Electrical Characteristics(4)
TA = 25C with VBIAS = VOUT + 2.2V; VIN = VOUT + 1V; bold values indicate -40C TJ +125C(5), unless noted.
Parameter Output Voltage Accuracy Line Regulation Load Regulation Dropout Voltage (VIN - VOUT) (Note 5) IL = 1.5A IL = 2A Dropout Voltage (VBIAS - VOUT) (Note 5) IL = 750mA IL = 1.5A IL = 2A Ground Current (Note 6) IL = 0mA IL = 2A Ground Pin Current in Shutdown Current thru VBIAS VEN 0.6V, (VBIAS + IINPUT) (Note 7) IL = 0mA IL = 2A Current Limit Enable Input Threshold Enable Pin Input Current Reference Reference Voltage Adjustable version 0.891 0.882 0.9 0.909 0.918 V V VOUT = 0V Regulator enable Regulator shutdown Independent of state 0.1 2.5 1.6 0.6 1 280 400 1.3 1.65 1.75 15 15 0.5 9 40 3.5 25 30 1 2 15 25 120 5.3 6 1.9 2.1 2.0 2.2 Conditions At 25C Over temperature range (IOUT = 10mA) VIN = VOUT + 1V to 6.5V IL = 10mA to 2A IL = 750mA Min -1 -2 -0.1 0.01 0.2 130 Typ Max +1 +2 +0.1 1 1.5 200 300 400 500 530 625 Units % % %/V % % mV mV mV mV mV mV V V V V V mA mA mA A A mA mA mA A A V V A
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Notes: 1. Exceeding the absolute maximum rating may damage the device. 2. The device is not guaranteed to function outside its operating range. 3. Devices are ESD sensitive. Handling precautions recommended. Human body model, 1.5k in series with 100pF. 4. Specification for packaged product only.
MIC49200
5. For VOUT 1.1V, VBIAS dropout specification does not apply due to a minimum 3V VBIAS input. Dropout voltage is defined as the input-to-output differential at which the output voltage drops 2% below its nominal value measured at 1V differential for VIN and 2.2V differential for VBIAS. For outputs below 1.4V, dropout voltage is the input-to-output voltage differential with the minimum input voltage 1.4V. 6. IGND = IBIAS + (IIN - IOUT). At high loads, input current on VIN will be less then the output current, due to drive current being supplied by VBIAS. 7. Fixed output voltage versions only.
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MIC49200
Functional Diagram
VBIAS VIN
Ilimit VEN/ADJ Fixed Enable Bandgap
Adj. R1 Fixed VOUT
R2
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MIC49200
Typical Characteristics
120 100 80 60 40 100mA 40 VIN = VOUT + 1V 20 VOUT = 1.5V VBIAS = 4V COUT = 1F IOUT = 2A 0 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1,000 FREQUENCY (kHz)
Power Supply Rejection Ratio (Input Supply)
2A
80
Power Supply Rejection Ratio (Bias Supply)
450 400 350
Dropout Voltage (Input Supply)
60 2A
300 250 200 150 100 50 0 VIN = VOUT + 1V VOUT = 1.5V VBIAS = 5V COUT = 1F 1200 1600 2000 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
VIN = VOUT + 1V = 1.5V V 20 VOUT = 4V BIAS COUT = 1F 0 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1,000 FREQUENCY (kHz)
1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0
Dropout Voltage (Bias Supply)
VIN = VOUT + 1V VOUT = 1.5V VBIAS = 5V COUT = 1F 1200 1600 2000 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
550 500 IOUT = 2A 450 VIN = VOUT +1V 400 VOUT = 1.5V 350 VBIAS = 5V 300 COUT = 1F 250 I = 1A 200 OUT 150 IOUT = 100mA 100 50 0 TEMPERATURE (C)
Dropout Voltage vs. Temperature (Input Supply)
2.0 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4
Dropout Voltage vs. Temperature (Bias Supply)
IOUT = 2A IOUT = 1A IOUT = 100mA
VIN = VOUT +1V VOUT = 1.5V 0.2 VBIAS = 5V COUT = 1F 0 TEMPERATURE (C)
1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 0
Dropout Characteristics (Input Supply)
10mA 2A
1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6
Dropout Characteristics (Bias Supply)
10mA 2A
Load Regulation
1.52 1.51 1.50 1.49 1.48 VIN = VOUT + 1V VOUT = 1.5V VBIAS = 5V COUT = 1F OUTPUT CURRENT (A)
VBIAS = 5V VOUT = 1.5V COUT = 1F 1 2 3 4 5 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 6
0.4 0.2 0 0 1
VIN = VOUT + 1V VOUT = 1.5V COUT = 1F 2 3 4 5 BIAS VOLTAGE (V) 6
1.47 1.46
1.80 1.75 1.70 1.65 1.60 1.55 1.50 1.45 1.40 1.35 1.30 1.25 1.20
Output Voltage vs. Temperature
300 250 200 150 100
Maximum Bias Current vs. Bias Voltage
300 250 200 150
Maximum Bias Current vs. Temperature
IBIAS
VIN = VOUT + 1V VOUT = 1.5V VBIAS = 5V TEMPERATURE (C)
50 0 3
VIN = VOUT + 1V VOUT = 1.5V IOUT = 2A COUT = 1F VADJ = 0V 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 BIAS VOLTAGE (V)
100 50 0
VIN = VOUT +1V VOUT = 1.5V VBIAS = 5V COUT = 1F VADJ = 0V TEMPERATURE (C)
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MIC49200
50 45
Bias Current vs. Temperature
50 40
Bias Current vs. Output Current
6 5 4 3
Ground Current vs. Input Voltage
IOUT=0A
IOUT = 2A 40 35 30 V =V + 1V 25 VIN =OUT OUT 1.5V 20 VBIAS = 5V = 1F C 15 OUT 10 5 0
IOUT = 1.5A
30 20 10 0 VIN = VOUT + 1V VOUT = 1.5V VBIAS = 5V COUT = 1F 1200 1600 2000 OUTPUT CURRENT (A)
2 VBIAS = VOUT + 2.1V 1V OUT = 1.5V COUT = 1F 0 1.5 2.5 3.5 4.5 5.5 INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
IOUT = 100mA
6.5
TEMPERATURE (C)
14 12 10 8 6 4 2
Ground Current vs. Bias Voltage
IOUT = 0A
14 12 10 8 6 4
Bias Current vs. Bias Voltage
IOUT=0A
14 12 10 8 6 4 2 6.5
Bias Current vs. Bias Voltage
IOUT = 100mA
0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 BIAS VOLTAGE (V)
VIN = VOUT + 1V VOUT = 1.5V COUT = 1F
VIN = VOUT + 1V 2 VOUT = 1.5V COUT = 1F 0 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 BIAS VOLTAGE (V)
0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 BIAS VOLTAGE (V)
VIN = VOUT + 1V VOUT = 1.5V COUT = 1F
30
Bias Current vs. Bias Voltage
50 40
Bias Current vs. Bias Voltage
50 40
Bias Current vs. Bias Voltage
IOUT = 2A
20
IOUT = 750mA
IOUT = 1.5A 30 20 30 20 VIN = VOUT + 1V VOUT = 1.5V COUT = 1F 10 VIN = VOUT + 1V VOUT = 1.5V COUT = 1F
10 VIN = VOUT + 1V VOUT = 1.5V COUT = 1F
10
0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 BIAS VOLTAGE (V)
0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 BIAS VOLTAGE (V)
0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 BIAS VOLTAGE (V)
20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 0
Bias Current vs. Input Voltage
300 250
Bias Current vs. Input Voltage
0.901
Reference Voltage vs. Input Voltage
100mA 0mA
200 150 100 VOUT = 1.5V VBIAS = 5V COUT = 1F
750mA 0.900
VOUT = 1.5V = 5V V 50 CBIAS = 1F OUT 0 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
2A
0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
2.5
2.5
0.899 1.5
VOUT = 1.5V VBIAS = 5V COUT = 1F 2.5 3.5 4.5 5.5 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 6.5
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MIC49200
0.901
Reference Voltage vs. Bias Voltage
4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5
Short Circuit Current vs. Temperature
1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6
Enable Threshold vs. Bias Voltage
ON
OFF
0.900
2.0 1.5 VIN = VOUT + 1V VOUT = 1.5V COUT = 1F 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 BIAS VOLTAGE (V) 6.5 1.0 0.5 0 VIN = VOUT + 1V VOUT = 1V VBIAS = 5V COUT = 1F TEMPERATURE (C)
0.4 0.2
0.899 3
0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 BIAS VOLTAGE (V)
VIN = VOUT + 1V VOUT = 1V COUT = 1F
1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0
Enble Threshold vs. Temperature
ON
4.0 3.5 3.0
Current Limit vs. Input Voltage
4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5
Current Limit vs. Bias Voltage
OFF
2.5 2.0 1.5
VIN = VOUT + 1V VOUT = 1V VBIAS = 5V COUT = 1F TEMPERATURE (C)
1.0 0.5 0 1.5
VOUT = 1.5V VBIAS = 3.3V COUT = 1F 2.5 3.5 4.5 5.5 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 6.5
1.0 0.5 0 2
VIN = VOUT + 1V VOUT = 1.5V COUT = 1F 3 4 5 BIAS VOLTAGE (V) 6
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MIC49200
Functional Characteristics
Line Transient (VIN)
Output Voltage (20mV/div) Output Voltage (20mV/div)
Line Transient (VBIAS)
VBIAS = 6V VIN = 5V Input Voltage (2V/div) Bias Voltage (2V/div)
VIN = 3.3V
VOUT = 1.5V VBIAS = 3.3V COUT = 1F IOUT = 2A Time (100s/div)
VBIAS = 4V
VIN = 2.8V VOUT = 1.8V COUT = 1F IOUT = 2A Time (20s/div)
Enable Turn-On
Output Voltage (50mV/div)
Load Transient
Enable (2V/div)
VIN = 2.8V VOUT = 1.8V VBIAS = 4V COUT = 1F
Output Voltage (1V/div)
VIN = VOUT + 1V VOUT = 1.8V VBIAS = 4V COUT = 1F Time (4s/div)
Output Current (1A/div)
Time (40s/div)
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MIC49200 X7R dielectric ceramic capacitors are recommended because of their temperature performance. X7R-type capacitors change capacitance by 15% over their operating temperature range and are the most stable type of ceramic capacitors. Z5U and Y5V dielectric capacitors change value by as much as 50% and 60% respectively over their operating temperature ranges. To use a ceramic chip capacitor with Y5V dielectric, the value must be much higher than an X7R ceramic or a tantalum capacitor to ensure the same capacitance value over the operating temperature range. Tantalum capacitors have a very stable dielectric (10% over their operating temperature range) and can also be used with this device. Input Capacitor An input capacitor of 1F or greater is recommended when the device is more than 4" away from the bulk supply capacitance, or when the supply is a battery. Small, surface-mount, ceramic chip capacitors can be used for the bypassing. The capacitor should be placed within 1" of the device for optimal performance. Larger values will help to improve ripple rejection by bypassing the input to the regulator, further improving the integrity of the output voltage. Thermal Design Linear regulators are simple to use. The most complicated design parameters to consider are thermal characteristics. Thermal design requires the following application-specific parameters: * Maximum ambient temperature (TA) * Output current (IOUT) * Output voltage (VOUT) * Input voltage (VIN) * Ground current (IGND) First, calculate the power dissipation of the regulator from these numbers and the device parameters from this datasheet. PD = VIN x IIN + VBIAS x IBIAS - VOUT x IOUT As the load increases, the input current will be less than the output current at high output currents. The bias current is a sum of base drive and ground current. Ground current is constant over load current. The heat sink thermal resistance is determined with this formula:
SA = TJ(MAX) - TA PD
Applications Information
The MIC49200 is an ultra-high performance, lowdropout linear regulator designed for high current applications requiring fast transient response. The MIC49200 utilizes two input supplies, significantly reducing dropout voltage, perfect for low-voltage, DCto-DC conversion. The MIC49200 requires a minimum of external components and obtains a bandwidth of up to 10MHz. As a Cap regulator, the output is tolerant of virtually any type of capacitor including ceramic type and tantalum type capacitors. The MIC49200 regulator is fully protected from damage due to fault conditions, offering linear current limiting and thermal shutdown. Bias Supply Voltage VBIAS, requiring relatively light current, provides power to the control portion of the MIC49200. VBIAS requires approximately 40mA for a 1.5A load current. Dropout conditions require higher currents. Most of the biasing current is used to supply the base current to the pass transistor. This allows the pass element to be driven into saturation thereby reducing the dropout to 400mV at a 2A load current. Bypassing on the bias pin is recommended to improve performance of the regulator during line and load transients. Small ceramic capacitors from VBIAS-to-ground help reduce high-frequency noise from being injected into the control circuitry from the bias rail and represent good design practice. Good bypass techniques typically include one larger capacitor such as 1F ceramic and smaller valued capacitors such as 0.01F or 0.001F in parallel with that larger capacitor to decouple the bias supply. The VBIAS input voltage must be 2.1V above the output voltage with a minimum VBIAS input voltage of 3 volts. Input Supply Voltage VIN provides the high current to the collector of the pass transistor. The minimum input voltage is 1.4V, allowing conversion from low voltage supplies. Output Capacitor The MIC49200 requires a minimum of output capacitance to maintain stability. However, proper capacitor selection is important to ensure desired transient response. The MIC49200 is specifically designed to be stable with virtually any capacitance value and ESR. A 1F ceramic chip capacitor should satisfy most applications. Output capacitance can be increased without bound. See "Typical Characteristic" subsection for examples of load transient response.
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Micrel, Inc. The heat sink may be significantly reduced in applications where the maximum input voltage is known and large compared with the dropout voltage. Use a series input resistor to drop excessive voltage and distribute the heat between this resistor and the regulator. The low-dropout properties of the MIC49200 allow significant reductions in regulator power dissipation and the associated heat sink without compromising performance. When this technique is employed, a capacitor of at least 1F is needed directly between the input and regulator ground. Refer to "Application Note 9" for further details and examples on thermal design and heat sink specification.
MIC49200
Adjustable Regulator Design The MIC49200 adjustable version allows programming the output voltage anywhere between 0.9V and 5V. Two resistors are used. The resistor value between VOUT and the adjust pin should not exceed 10k. Larger values can cause instability. The resistor values are calculated by:
R VOUT = 0.9 1 + 1 R 2 Where VOUT is the desired output voltage.
Minimum Load Current The MIC49200, unlike most other high current regulators, does not require a minimum load to maintain output voltage regulation.
Enable The fixed output voltage versions of the MIC49200 feature an active high enable input (EN) that allows on-off control of the regulator. Supply currents reduce to "zero" when the device is in shutdown, with only microamperes of leakage current. The EN input has TTL/CMOS compatible thresholds for simple logic interfacing. EN may be directly tied to VIN and pulled up to the maximum supply voltage.
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MIC49200
Package Information
5-Pin S-Pak (R)
MICREL, INC. 2180 FORTUNE DRIVE SAN JOSE, CA 95131 USA
TEL +1 (408) 944-0800 FAX +1 (408) 474-1000 WEB http:/www.micrel.com
The information furnished by Micrel in this data sheet is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Micrel for its use. Micrel reserves the right to change circuitry and specifications at any time without notification to the customer. Micrel Products are not designed or authorized for use as components in life support appliances, devices or systems where malfunction of a product can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems that (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body or (b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user. A Purchaser's use or sale of Micrel Products for use in life support appliances, devices or systems is a Purchaser's own risk and Purchaser agrees to fully indemnify Micrel for any damages resulting from such use or sale. (c) 2005 Micrel, Inc.
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